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Non-turn a profit membership media organization based in Washington, D.C.

"National Public Radio" redirects here. For other uses, see NPR (disambiguation).

National Public Radio

Type	Public radio network
Country	United States
First air appointment	April 20, 1971; fifty years ago  (1971-04-twenty)
Availability	Global
Founded	February 26, 1970; 52 years agone  (1970-02-26)
Endowment	$258 million
Revenue	$258.734 million (2019)[1]
Cyberspace income	$5.95 million (2019)[1]
Headquarters	1111 North Capitol Street NE, Washington, D.C. Culver City, California
Broadcast area	United States Guam Puerto Rico American Forces Network
Parent	National Public Radio, Inc.
Key people	John Lansing (CEO)
One-time names	Clan of Public Radio Stations National Educational Radio Network
Affiliation(s)	WRN Broadcast
Official website	npr.org

National Public Radio (NPR, stylized as npr) is an American privately and publicly funded non-profit media organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. (often called the "mothership" of NPR), with its NPR West headquarters in Culver City, California.^[2] Information technology differs from other non-turn a profit membership media organizations such as Associated Press, in that it was established by an act of Congress,^[three] and nearly of its member stations are owned by authorities entities (oft public universities). Information technology serves as a national syndicator to a network of over ane,000 public radio stations in the U.s..^[4]

NPR produces and distributes news and cultural programming. The arrangement's flagship shows are 2 drive-time news broadcasts: Morning Edition and the afternoon All Things Considered, both carried past about NPR member stations, and among the most popular radio programs in the state.^{[5] [vi]} Every bit of March 2018^[update], the bulldoze-time programs attract an audience of fourteen.9 million and 14.7 one thousand thousand per calendar week, respectively.^[vii]

NPR manages the Public Radio Satellite System, which distributes its programs and other programming from independent producers and networks such as American Public Media and Public Radio Substitution. Its content is too available on-demand online, on mobile networks, and in many cases, as podcasts.^[8] Several NPR stations also carry programs from British public broadcaster BBC Earth Service.

Proper name [edit]

The organization'south legal proper noun is National Public Radio and its trademarked make is NPR; it is known by both names.^[9] In June 2010, the organization announced that it was "making a conscious try to consistently refer to ourselves as NPR on-air and online" because NPR is the common name for the arrangement and the tag line "This ... is NPR" has been used by its radio hosts for many years.^[nine] Withal, National Public Radio remains the legal proper noun of the grouping, equally it has been since 1970.^[9]

History [edit]

1970s [edit]

National Public Radio replaced the National Educational Radio Network on February 26, 1970, following Congressional passage of the Public Dissemination Human action of 1967.^[10] This act was signed into police by 36th President Lyndon B. Johnson, and established the Corporation for Public Dissemination, which also created the Public Dissemination Service (PBS) for television in improver to NPR. A CPB organizing committee under John Witherspoon first created a lath of directors chaired by Bernard Mayes.

The board then hired Donald Quayle to be the outset president of NPR with 30 employees and 90 lease member local stations, and studios in Washington, D.C.^[11]

NPR aired its first broadcast on April 20, 1971, covering The states Senate hearings on the ongoing Vietnam War in Southeast Asia. The afternoon drive-time newscast All Things Considered premiered on May 3, 1971, offset hosted by Robert Conley. NPR was primarily a production and distribution arrangement until 1977, when it merged with the Association of Public Radio Stations. Morning Edition premiered on November 5, 1979, get-go hosted by Bob Edwards.

1980s [edit]

NPR suffered an virtually-fatal setback in 1983 when efforts to expand services created a deficit of nearly $7 1000000 (equivalent to $19 million in 2022 dollars). After a Congressional investigation and the resignation of NPR'southward then-president Frank Mankiewicz, the Corporation for Public Dissemination agreed to lend the network money in order to stave off bankruptcy.^[12] In commutation, NPR agreed to a new organization whereby the annual CPB stipend that it had previously received directly would be divided among local stations instead; in turn, those stations would support NPR productions on a subscription basis. NPR also agreed to turn its satellite service into a cooperative venture (the Public Radio Satellite Arrangement), making it possible for non-NPR shows to get national distribution. It took NPR approximately three years to pay off the debt.^[13]

1990s [edit]

Delano Lewis, the president of C&P Telephone, left that position to go NPR'due south CEO and president in January 1994.^[xiv] Lewis resigned in August 1998.^{[14] [15]} In November 1998, NPR's board of directors hired Kevin Klose, the director of the International Dissemination Agency, as its president and chief executive officer.^[15]

2000s [edit]

September 11th attacks made it credible in a very urgent way that nosotros need some other facility that could keep NPR going if something devastating happens in Washington.

Jay Kernis, NPR's senior VP for programming^[16]

NPR spent nearly $13 1000000 to acquire and equip a West Coast 25,000-square-pes (ii,300 m²) production facility, NPR West, which opened in Culver City, Los Angeles County, California, in Nov 2002. With room for up to ninety employees, information technology was established to aggrandize its product capabilities, meliorate its coverage of the western United States, and create a backup product facility capable of keeping NPR on the air in the event of a catastrophe in Washington, D.C.^[16]

In November 2003, NPR received $235 meg from the estate of the late Joan B. Kroc, the widow of Ray Kroc, founder of McDonald's Corporation. This was the largest monetary souvenir ever to a cultural institution.^{[17] [18]}

In 2004 NPR's upkeep increased by over 50% to $153 meg due to the Kroc gift. Of the money, $34 one thousand thousand was deposited in its endowment.^[xix] The endowment fund before the gift totaled $35 meg. NPR will use the involvement from the bequest to aggrandize its news staff and reduce some member stations' fees.^[17] The 2005 budget was well-nigh $120 million.

In August 2005, NPR entered podcasting with a directory of over 170 programs created by NPR and fellow member stations. By November of that yr, users downloaded NPR and other public radio podcasts 5 million times. 10 years later, past March 2015, users downloaded podcasts produced only by NPR 94 million times,^[20] and NPR podcasts similar Fresh Air and the TED Radio 60 minutes routinely made the iTunes Tiptop Podcasts list.^[21]

Ken Stern became master executive in September 2006, reportedly as the "hand-picked successor" of CEO Kevin Klose, who gave up the chore but remained as NPR's president; Stern had worked with Klose at Radio Free Europe.^[22]

On December 10, 2008, NPR announced that it would reduce its workforce past vii% and cancel the news programs Day to 24-hour interval and News & Notes.^[23] The organization indicated this was in response to a rapid drib in corporate underwriting in the wake of the economic crisis of 2008.^[23]

In the fall of 2008, NPR programming reached a record 27.5 million people weekly, according to Arbitron ratings figures. NPR stations reach 32.seven million listeners overall.^[24]

In March 2008, the NPR Lath announced that Stern would be stepping down from his role as chief executive officer, following conflict with NPR's board of directors "over the direction of the organization," including issues NPR'southward fellow member station managers had had with NPR'southward expansion into new media "at the expense of serving" the stations that financially support NPR.^[22]

As of 2009, corporate sponsorship made up 26% of the NPR budget.^[25]

2010s [edit]

The new NPR sign at 1111 N Capitol St, NE.

In October 2010, NPR accepted a $i.eight million grant from the Open Lodge Establish. The grant is meant to begin a project chosen Affect of Authorities that was intended to add together at least 100 journalists at NPR fellow member radio stations in all 50 states by 2013.^[26] The OSI has made previous donations, only does not have on-air credit for its gifts.^[27]

In Apr 2013, NPR moved from its dwelling of xix years (635 Massachusetts Artery NW) to new offices and production facilities at 1111 North Capitol Street NE in a building adjusted from the old C&P Telephone Warehouse and Repair Facility.^[28] The new headquarters—at the corner of North Capitol Street NE and Fifty Street NW—is in the burgeoning NoMa neighborhood of Washington.^[29] The first show scheduled to exist broadcast from the new studios was Weekend Edition Saturday.^[thirty] Morning Edition was the last show to move to the new location.^[31] In June 2013 NPR canceled the weekday call-in show Talk of the Nation.^[32]

In September 2013, certain of NPR's 840 total- and part-time employees were offered a voluntary buyout plan, with the goal of reducing staff past 10 percent and returning NPR to a counterbalanced budget by the 2015 financial twelvemonth.^[33]

In December 2018, The Washington Post reported that between 20 and 22 percentage of NPR staff was classified as temps, while this compares to about 5 percent of a typical for-turn a profit idiot box station. Some of the temporary staff members told the paper the systems was "exploitative", but NPR's president of operations said the current systems was in identify because the station is a "media visitor that strives to be innovative and nimble."^[34]

In December 2018, NPR launched a new podcast analytics technology called Remote Sound Information (RAD), which developer Stacey Goers described as a "method for sharing listening metrics from podcast applications straight back to publishers, with farthermost care and respect for user privacy."^[35]

Governance [edit]

NPR is a membership organization. Fellow member stations are required to be non-commercial or non-commercial educational radio stations; have at least five full-time professional employees; operate for at least eighteen hours per solar day; and not be designed solely to further a religious dissemination philosophy or exist used for classroom distance learning programming. Each member station receives one vote at the almanac NPR lath meetings—exercised by its designated Authorized Station Representative ("A-Rep").

To oversee the day-to-mean solar day operations and gear up its upkeep, members elect a lath of directors. The board was previously composed of ten A-Reps, v members of the general public, and the chair of the NPR Foundation. On Nov 2, 2015, NPR Members approved a change in the NPR Bylaws to expand the board of directors to 23 directors, consisting of 12 Member Directors who are managers of NPR Member stations and are elected to the Board by their fellow Member stations, ix Public Directors who are prominent members of the public selected by the Lath and confirmed by NPR Member stations, the NPR Foundation Chair, and the NPR President & CEO.^[36] Terms are for three years and are staggered such that some stand up for ballot every year.^[37]

As of November 2019^[update], the board of directors of NPR included the following members:^[36]

NPR fellow member station managers

• Mike Crane, director, Wisconsin Public Radio
• John Decker, director, KPBS
• Tim Eby, general manager, St. Louis Public Radio
• Jennifer Ferro, president, KCRW
• Nico Leone, president and CEO, KERA
• Wonya Lucas, president and CEO, WABE
• Joe O'Connor, president and CEO, WFAE
• LaFontaine E. Oliver, president and general director, WYPR
• Jay Pearce, CEO and general director, WVIK-FM
• Mike Savage, director and full general managing director, WEKU
• Joyce Slocum, president and CEO, Texas Public Radio
• Sylvia Strobel, CEO, ideastream

President of NPR

• John Lansing, president and CEO

Chair of the NPR Foundation

• John McGinn

Public members of the lath

• Carlos Alvarez, CEO, The Gambrinus Company
• Fred Grit, designer, speaker, and consultant
• Paul Yard. Haaga, Jr., retired, Capital letter Research and Management Company - Chairman of the NPR Lath of Directors
• Jacqueline Reses, caput of Square Capital and Chief People Officer of Square
• Jeff Sine, co-founder and partner, The Raine Group
• Carlos Watson, CEO and co-founder, OZY Media, Inc.
• Howard Wollner, senior vice president, retired, Starbucks Coffee Company
• Telisa Yancy, CEO, American Family unit Insurance
• Neal Zuckerman, partner and manager, Boston Consulting Group

The original purposes of NPR, as ratified by the board of directors, are the post-obit:

• Provide an identifiable daily product which is consequent and reflects the highest standards of broadcast journalism.
• Provide extended coverage of public events, issues and ideas, and to acquire and produce special public diplomacy programs.
• Learn and produce cultural programs which can be scheduled individually by stations.
• Provide access to the intellectual and cultural resource of cities, universities and rural districts through a system of cooperative program development with member public radio stations.
• Develop and distribute programs for specific groups (developed education, instruction, modular units for local productions) which may meet needs of individual regions or groups, but may not accept general national relevance.
• Plant liaison with foreign broadcasters for a program commutation service.
• Produce materials specifically intended to develop the art and technical potential of radio^[38]

NPR Public Editor

The Public Editor responds to meaning listener queries, comments and criticisms. The position reports to the president and CEO John Lansing.^[39] In April 2020, Kelly McBride became the Public Editor for NPR.

Funding [edit]

A homemade artwork references the importance of public funding for National Public Radio

In 2020, NPR released a budget for FY21 anticipating revenue of $250 million, a slight subtract from the prior year due to impacts of COVID-19. The budget anticipates $240 million in operating expenses, plus boosted debt service and capital costs that lead to a cash deficit of approximately $4 million. The upkeep includes $25 meg in budget cuts. If the impacts of COVID-nineteen worsen, more pregnant upkeep cuts are forecast.^[forty]

Funding pre-2000 [edit]

During the 1970s and early 1980s, the majority of NPR funding came from the federal government. Steps were taken during the Reagan administration in the 1980s to completely wean NPR from regime support, just the 1983 funding crisis forced the network to make immediate changes.

Funding in the 2000s [edit]

Co-ordinate to CPB, in 2009 11.3% of the aggregate revenues of all public radio broadcasting stations were funded from federal sources, principally through CPB;^[41] in 2012 ten.ix% of the revenues for Public Radio came from federal sources.^[42]

In 2010, NPR revenues totaled $180 1000000, with the bulk of revenues coming from programming fees, grants from foundations or business entities, contributions and sponsorships.^[25] According to the 2009 fiscal statement, most fifty% of NPR revenues come up from the fees it charges member stations for programming and distribution charges.^[25] Typically, NPR member stations receive funds through on-air pledge drives, corporate underwriting, state and local governments, educational institutions, and the federally funded Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB). In 2009, member stations derived vi% of their revenue from federal, state and local government funding, 10% of their revenue from CPB grants, and xiv% of their revenue from universities.^{[25] [43]} While NPR does non receive any directly federal funding, it does receive a pocket-size number of competitive grants from CPB and federal agencies similar the Section of Pedagogy and the Section of Commerce. This funding amounts to approximately 2% of NPR'southward overall revenues.^[25]

In 2011, NPR announced the roll-out of their own online advertising network, which allows member stations to run geographically targeted ad spots from national sponsors that may otherwise exist unavailable to their local surface area, opening additional revenue streams to the broadcaster.^[44]

Middle Phase, a mix of native advertizement and banner advertizement featured prominently on the NPR homepage, above-the-fold, was launched in 2013. The launch partner for Heart Stage was Squarespace.^[45]

In 2014, NPR CEO Jarl Mohn said the network would begin to increment acquirement by having brands NPR views as more relevant to the audience underwrite NPR programs and requesting higher rates from them.^[46]

For the twelvemonth ended September 30, 2018, total operating revenues were $235 million, increasing to almost $259 meg past September 2019.^[47]

Underwriting spots versus commercials [edit]

In contrast with commercial broadcasting, NPR'due south radio broadcasts do non carry traditional commercials, only has advertising in the class of brief statements from major sponsors which may include corporate slogans, descriptions of products and services, and contact information such as website addresses and telephone numbers.^[48] These statements are called underwriting spots and, different commercials, are governed by specific FCC restrictions in addition to truth in advertising laws; they cannot advocate a product or "promote the goods and services" of for-profit entities.^[49] These restrictions utilize only to radio broadcasts and non NPR'southward other digital platforms. When questioned on the subject field of how corporate underwriting revenues and foundation grants were holding up during the recession, in a speech communication broadcast on C-SPAN before the National Press Club on March two, 2009, then president and CEO Vivian Schiller stated: "underwriting is down, information technology's down for everybody; this is the area that is nigh downwards for us, in sponsorship, underwriting, advertizing, call it any you lot want; just similar it is for all of media."^[fifty] Hosts of the NPR program Planet Money stated the audience is indeed a product being sold to advertisers in the same fashion as commercial stations, saying: "they are non advertisers exactly but, they have a lot of the same characteristics; permit'south simply say that."^[51]

Audience [edit]

In 2014, the Pew Research Center reported that NPR had a similar level of listener trust as CNN, NBC and ABC.^[52] A Harris phone survey conducted in 2005 found that NPR was the most trusted news source in the United States.^{[53] [54]}

According to 2009, NPR statistics, about xx.9 million listeners melody into NPR each calendar week.^[55] By 2017, NPR'south weekly on-air audience had reached xxx.2 million.^[4] Co-ordinate to 2015 figures, 87% of the NPR terrestrial public radio audience and 67% of the NPR podcast audience is white.^[56] According to the 2012 Pew Research Center 2012 News Consumption Survey, NPR listeners tend to be highly educated, with 54% of regular listeners existence college graduates and 21% having some college.^[57] NPR'due south audience is about exactly boilerplate in terms of the sex activity of listeners (49% male, 51% female).^[57] NPR listeners have higher incomes than average (the 2012 Pew study showed that 43% earn over $75,000, 27% earn between $30,000 and $75,000).^[57] The Pew survey plant that the NPR audition tends Democratic (17% Republican, 37% independent, 43% Democratic) and politically moderate (21% conservative, 39% moderate, 36% liberal).^[57]

NPR stations generally subscribe to the Nielsen rating service, but are non included in published ratings and rankings such as Radio & Records. NPR station listenership is measured past Nielsen in both Diary and PPM (people meter) markets. NPR stations are frequently not included in "summary level" diary data used by most advertising agencies for media planning. Data on NPR listening can be accessed using "respondent level" diary data. Additionally, all radio stations (public and commercial) are treated every bit within the PPM information sets making NPR station listenership data much more widely bachelor to the media planning community. NPR's signature morn news programme, Morning time Edition, is the network's almost popular program, drawing 14.63 1000000 listeners a calendar week, with its afternoon newsmagazine, All Things Considered, a close second, with fourteen.six one thousand thousand listeners a week according to 2017 Nielsen ratings information.^[58] Arbitron data is as well provided by Radio Enquiry Consortium, a non-profit corporation which subscribes to the Arbitron service and distributes the data to NPR and other non-commercial stations and on its website.^[59]

Digital media [edit]

NPR'south history in digital media includes the work of an independent, for-profit visitor called Public Interactive, which was founded in 1999^[threescore] and acquired by PRI in June 2004, when information technology became a non-profit company.^[61] By July 2008, Public Interactive had "170 subscribers who collectively operate 325 public radio and television stations" and clients such every bit Car Talk, The World, and The Tavis Smiley Prove; by the stop of that month, NPR acquired Public Interactive from PRI^[60] In March 2011, NPR revealed a restructuring proposal in which Boston-based Public Interactive would get NPR Digital Services, separate from the Washington D.C.-based NPR Digital Media, which focuses on NPR-branded services.^[62] NPR Digital Services would continue offering its services to public TV stations.^[62]

The technical backbone of its digital news publishing system is Core Publisher, which was congenital on Drupal, an open-source content management system.^[62]

Kinsey Wilson and the npr.org crew at the 69th Annual Peabody Awards

NPR has been dubbed every bit "leveraging the Twitter generation"^[63] because of its adaptation of the pop microblogging service as one of its master vehicles of information. Of NPR's Twitter followers, the majority (67%) also listen to NPR on the radio. In a survey of more than 10,000 respondents, NPR found that its Twitter followers are younger, more connected to the social web, and more likely to admission content through digital platforms such as its Peabody Award-winning website npr.org, likewise as podcasts, mobile apps and more than.^[64] NPR has more than 1 Twitter account including @NPR;^[65] its survey found that most respondents followed between ii and five NPR accounts, including topical account, testify-specific accounts and on-air staff accounts.^[64] In improver, NPR'due south Facebook folio has been at the forefront of the company foray into social media. Started by college pupil and fan Geoff Campbell^[66] in 2008, the folio was quickly taken over by the organization,^[67] and over the final ii years has grown to well-nigh 4 million fans and is a popular example of the visitor's new focus on a younger audience.^[68] NPR also has a YouTube channel featuring regularly posted videos covering news and informational subjects.

In May 2018, a group led by NPR acquired the podcasting app Pocket Casts.^[69]

NPR One [edit]

In July 2014, NPR launched NPR One, an app for iOS and Android smartphones and other mobile devices, which aimed to make information technology easier for listeners to stream local NPR stations alive, and mind to NPR podcasts by autoplaying content and permitting easy navigation.^[lxx] Since launch NPR has made the service bachelor on additional channels: Windows mobile devices, spider web browsers, Chromecast, Apple Car Play, Apple Picket, Android Auto, Android Wear, Samsung Gear S2 and S3, Amazon Fire TV, and Amazon Alexa–enabled devices.^[71] The New York Times listed NPR One as i of 2016's "best apps".^[72]

Programming [edit]

Programs produced by NPR [edit]

News and public affairs programs [edit]

NPR produces a morning and an evening news program, both of which also take weekend editions with different hosts. It also produces hourly newscasts around the clock.

• All Things Considered, NPR News' evening news program hosted past Ari Shapiro, Mary Louise Kelly, and Ailsa Chang.
  • Weekend All Things Considered, hosted by Michel Martin
• Morning Edition, NPR News' forenoon news program hosted by Steve Inskeep, Rachel Martin, A Martínez, and Leila Fadel.
  • Weekend Edition, hosted past Scott Simon (Saturdays) and rotating NPR correspondents (Sundays)
• Here and At present, a mid-twenty-four hour period news mag program hosted by Robin Young and Tonya Mosley (co-produced with WBUR)

Storytelling and cultural programming (in business firm) [edit]

• Ask Me Some other, a trivia quiz hosted by Ophira Eisenberg (co-produced with WNYC)
• Invisibilia, hosted by Alix Spiegel, Hanna Rosin, and Lulu Miller
• TED Radio Hour, hosted by Manoush Zomorodi
• Expect Wait... Don't Tell Me!, a humorous news-based panel show hosted by Peter Sagal (co-produced with WBEZ)

Podcasts [edit]

• All Songs Considered, a music podcast
• Alt.Latino, a podcast on Latino arts and culture
• Radio Ambulante, a Spanish-Language podcast which covers news in Latin America
• El Hilo, an adjunct of Radio Ambulante devoted to news
• Code Switch, a podcast virtually race and identity hosted past Shereen Marisol Meraji and Gene Demby
• Consider This, a weekday afternoon news podcast hosted past All Things Considered anchors Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, Mary Louise Kelly, and Ailsa Chang
• Embedded, a podcast hosted by Kelly McEvers
• How I Built This, a podcast on entrepreneurship hosted by Guy Raz
• NPR Politics Podcast, a podcast hosted by Tamara Keith and Scott Detrow
• Planet Money, a podcast on economic science
• Popular Culture Happy Hour, a podcast on culture hosted by Linda Holmes
• Curt Moving ridge, a daily science podcast hosted past Maddie Sofia
• Throughline, a podcast on history hosted past Rund Abdelfatah and Ramtin Arablouei
• Upwards Kickoff, a Monday-Saturday morning news podcast hosted by Morning Edition anchors Steve Inskeep, Rachel Martin, A Martínez, and Noel King, and Weekend Edition anchors Scott Simon and Lulu Garcia-Navarro

Music programming [edit]

• First Mind, album previews
• Jazz Night In America, hosted by Christian McBride (co-produced with WBGO and Jazz at Lincoln Center)
• Songs We Love
• The Thistle & Shamrock, Celtic music hosted past Fiona Ritchie
• Tiny Desk Concerts, video concert series

Programs distributed by NPR [edit]

News and public diplomacy [edit]

• 1A, public affairs roundtable programme hosted past Jenn White (WAMU)
• Fresh Air, interviews with cultural news-makers hosted by Terry Gross (WHYY-FM)
• Latino U.s., Latino issues hosted by Maria Hinojosa (Futuro Media Group)
• Youth Radio, stories told by youth (self-produced)

Storytelling and cultural programming [edit]

• The Big Listen, a radio show well-nigh podcasts hosted by Lauren Ober (WAMU)^[73]
• Bullseye with Jesse Thorn, hosted by Jesse Thorn (Maximum Fun)
• Car Talk, humorous automotive advice hosted by Tom Magliozzi and Ray Magliozzi (WBUR, ended September 2017^[74])
• The Engines of Our Ingenuity is a daily radio series that tells the story of homo invention and creativity in 3+ ane⁄2 minute essays.
• Just a Game, sports issues hosted by Bill Littlefield (WBUR, ended 2020)
• Rough Cuts, a podcast and web log encouraging participation in the evolution of other new radio programs
• State of the Re:Wedlock, hosted by Al Letson
• StoryCorps, oral history recordings (self-produced)

Music programming [edit]

• From the Top, A plan showcasing young classical musicians between the ages of 8–eighteen (self-produced)
• JazzSet, hosted by Dee Dee Bridgewater (WBGO)
• Urban center, a show on electronic music hosted by Jason Bentley (KCRW)
• Mountain Stage, hosted by Larry Groce (West Virginia Public Dissemination)
• Pianoforte Jazz, hosted by Marian McPartland (Southward Carolina ETV Radio, concluded in 2011)
• Earth Buffet, a two-hour music program featuring both recorded music and interviews and live in-studio performances, hosted by Raina Douris (WXPN)

Notable public radio programs not affiliated with NPR [edit]

Many programs broadcast on U.Southward. public radio stations are non affiliated with NPR. If these programs are distributed past another benefactor, a public radio station must also affiliate with that network to take that network'southward programming.

American Public Media (APM) and Public Radio Exchange (PRX; which also merged with Public Radio International in 2018) are other major public radio product and distribution organizations with singled-out missions, and each competes with the other and NPR for programming slots on public radio stations.

Most public radio stations are NPR fellow member stations and many are affiliate stations of APM and PRX at the same time. The organizations accept different governance structures and missions and relationships with stations.

American Public Media [edit]

• BBC Earth Service, world news produced by the BBC oft used to fill overnight hours
• Classical 24, generally airs overnights on many non-commercial stations
• The Daily, daily podcast created past The New York Times and hosted by Michael Barbaro
• Live from Here (formerly known every bit A Prairie Dwelling Companion), variety radio prove known for its folk music and comedy (cancelled in 2020).
• Market place, program that focuses on business organization, the economy, and events that influence them
• Performance Today, nigh listened-to daily classical music radio program in the United States (formerly distributed by NPR)
• Pipedreams, radio music program focusing on organ music
• The Splendid Table, weekly plan about food

Public Radio Exchange [edit]

This list includes programs that were distributed by Public Radio International (PRI) prior to the merger with PDX

• A Way with Words, a prove most language; distributed by Public Radio Exchange and Public Radio Satellite Organization
• Echoes, a daily program of ambient, new age, and electronic music hosted past John Diliberto (formerly distributed by PRI)
• Hearts of Space, a weekly program of ambient, space, and contemplative music hosted by Stephen Loma, San Rafael, Calif.
• Living on Earth, ecology news programme (formerly distributed by NPR and PRI)
• Philosophy Talk, everyday topics examined through a philosophical lens, hosted by Stanford philosophy professors John Perry and Ken Taylor, produced past Ben Manilla Productions (KALW)
• Planetary Radio, space exploration radio plan hosted by Mat Kaplan, The Planetary Society, Pasadena, Calif.
• Selected Shorts, dramatic readings hosted past Isaiah Sheffer, Symphony Infinite, (WNYC; formerly distributed past PRI)
• This American Life, stories of real life hosted by Ira Glass, distributed by Public Radio Exchange
• The Takeaway, a daily news plan from WNYC (formerly distributed by PRI)
• The World, news magazine show with an emphasis on international news (formerly distributed past PRI)

WNYC Studios [edit]

• On the Media, covering journalism, technology, and First Subpoena issues (formerly distributed by NPR)
• Science Fri, science bug call-in hosted by Ira Flatow and independently produced (formerly distributed by NPR)

Contained [edit]

• Commonwealth Now!, the flagship news program of the Pacifica Radio network, provides a feed to NPR stations
• Forum, call-in console give-and-take program, broad-ranging national and local topics hosted past Michael Krasny (KQED-FM).
• Jazz from Lincoln Center, Wynton Marsalis, formerly hosted by Ed Bradley, Murray Street Productions
• The Merrow Study, education bug hosted past John Merrow, Learning Matters Inc.
• The People's Chemist's shop, a call-in and interview program on personal health from WUNC in Chapel Hill, Northward.C.
• Pulse of the Planet, a daily 2-minute audio portrait of Planet Earth, hosted past Jim Metzner.
• StarDate, brusque segments relating to science and astronomy from the University of Texas at Austin's McDonald Observatory hosted by Billy Henry.
• Sunday Baroque, baroque and early music hosted by Suzanne Bona (WSHU-FM)

Controversies [edit]

Over the course of NPR's history, controversies have arisen over several incidents and topics.

Allegations of ideological bias [edit]

NPR has been defendant of displaying both liberal bias, every bit alleged in work such as a UCLA and Academy of Missouri study of Morning Edition; and bourgeois bias, including criticism of alleged reliance on conservative recollect-tanks.^[75] Public radio host Lisa Simeone, who worked for NPR from 1998 to 2002, accused NPR's Pentagon reporting of being "little more than Pentagon press releases."^[76] The NPR ombudsman has described how NPR's coverage of the Israel-Palestinian conflict has been simultaneously criticized as biased by both sides.^[77] University of Texas journalism professor and writer Robert Jensen has criticized NPR as taking a pro-war stance during coverage of Iraq state of war protests.^[78]

[edit]

In 1994, NPR bundled to air, on All Things Considered, a series of three-infinitesimal commentaries by Mumia Abu-Jamal, a announcer convicted in a controversial trial of murdering Philadelphia Law officer Daniel Faulkner. They cancelled airing them after the Fraternal Lodge of Law and members of the U.S. Congress objected.^[79]

Euphemisms for "torture" [edit]

In a controversial act, NPR banned in 2009 the employ of the word "torture" in the context of the Bush administration's use of torture.^[80] NPR'due south Ombudswoman Alicia Shepard's defense of the policy was that "calling waterboarding torture is tantamount to taking sides."^[81] Berkeley Professor of Linguistics Geoffrey Nunberg pointed out that virtually all media around the globe, other than what he called the "spineless U.S. media", call these techniques torture.^{[82] [83]} In an article which criticized NPR and other U.S. media for their utilise of euphemisms for torture, Glenn Greenwald discussed what he called the enabling "corruption of American journalism":

This active media complicity in concealing that our Authorities created a systematic torture regime, by refusing always to say so, is one of the principal reasons it was allowed to happen for so long. The steadfast, ongoing refusal of our leading media institutions to refer to what the Bush assistants did as "torture" – even in the face of more than 100 detainee deaths; the apply of that term by a leading Bush official to describe what was done at Guantanamo; and the fact that media outlets frequently apply the word "torture" to draw exactly the aforementioned methods when used by other countries – reveals much about how the mod journalist thinks.^[84]

[edit]

On October 20, 2010, NPR terminated Senior News Annotator Juan Williams's independent contract^[85] over a series of incidents culminating in remarks he made on the Play tricks News Channel regarding Muslim head coverings and not feeling comfy around women wearing them. Williams' firing, which was made abruptly without Williams being given a face-to-face coming together beforehand, was reported by The Washington Post as existence a key role of Ellen Weiss, NPR'due south top news executive at the fourth dimension, beingness given an ultimatum on January four, 2011, to either resign or exist fired. On January half-dozen, 2011, NPR announced that Weiss had quit.^[86]

[edit]

In March 2011, conservative political activist and provocateur James O'Keefe sent partners Simon Templar (a pen name) and Shaughn Adeleye^[87] to secretly record their discussion with Ronald Schiller, NPR'south outgoing senior vice president for fundraising, and an associate, in which Schiller made remarks viewed every bit disparaging of "the current Republican party, especially the Tea Party", and controversial comments regarding Palestine and funding for NPR. NPR disavowed Schiller's comments. CEO Vivian Schiller, who is non related to Ronald, later resigned over the fallout from the comments and the previous firing of Juan Williams.^[88]

July 4 tweets of the Annunciation of Independence [edit]

Starting on July 4, 1988, NPR has broadcast an almanac reading of the 1776 U.s.a. Proclamation of Independence over the radio.^[89] In 2017 it began using Twitter as a medium for reading the document as well. On July four, 2017, the 100+ tweets were met with considerable opposition, some online supporters of Donald Trump mistakenly assertive the words of the Declaration referring to George Iii of the U.k. to be directed towards the president. The tweets were called "trash"^[90] and were accused of existence left-wing propaganda,^[91] palliating violence^[90] and calling for revolution.^{[92] [93]}

Sexual harassment [edit]

In October 2017, sexual harassment charges were leveled against Michael Oreskes, senior vice president of news and editorial managing director since 2015. Some of the accusations dated back to when he was Washington, D.C. bureau master for The New York Times during the 1990s, while others involved his conduct at NPR.^[94] Afterwards a study on the Times accusations was published in The Washington Post, NPR put Oreskes on authoritative leave, and the following solar day his resignation was requested.^{[95] [96] [97]} CNN'south Brian Stelter reported that NPR staffers were dissatisfied with the treatment of Oreskes, were demanding an external investigation, and that Oreskes poisoned the newsroom atmosphere by abusing his position to meet immature women.^[98]

Publications [edit]

Source:^[99]

• The NPR Guide to Edifice a Classical CD Collection by Ted Libbey (1994) ISBN 156305051X
• The NPR Classical Music Companion: An Essential Guide for Enlightened Listening by Miles Hoffman (1997) ISBN 0618619453
• The NPR Classical Music Companion: Terms and Concepts from A to Z past Miles Hoffman (1997) ISBN 0395707420
• The NPR Curious Listener's Guide to Classical Music by Tim Smith (2002) ISBN 0399527958
• The NPR Curious Listener's Guide to Jazz past Loren Schoenberg (2002) ISBN 039952794X
• The NPR Curious Listener'due south Guide to Opera by William Berger (2002) ISBN 0399527435
• The NPR Curious Listener'southward Guide to Pop Standards by Max Morath (2002) ISBN 0399527443
• The NPR Curious Listener'due south Guide To American Folk Music by Kip Lornell (2004) ISBN 0399530339
• The NPR Curious Listener's Guide to Earth Music by Chris Nickson (2004) ISBN 0399530320
• The NPR Curious Listener's Guide To Dejection by David Evans (2005) ISBN 039953072X
• The NPR Curious Listener'southward Guide to Celtic Music by Fiona Ritchie (2005) ISBN 0399530711
• The NPR Listener's Encyclopedia of Classical Music by Ted Libbey (2006) ISBN 0761120726

See also [edit]

• Australian Broadcasting Corporation
• BBC Radio
• Canadian Dissemination Corporation
• List of NPR personnel
• List of NPR stations
• NPR Berlin—before its closure, the only NPR chapter operated by NPR itself
• PBS
• Sound Reporting: The NPR Guide to Sound Journalism and Production

References [edit]

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Further reading [edit]

• James T. Bennett. 2021. The History and Politics of Public Radio; A Comprehensive Analysis of Taxpayer-Financed Us Dissemination. Springer.
• Gibson, George H. Public Broadcasting: The Office of the Federal Government, 1919–1976 (Praeger Publishers, 1977). ISBN 9780030228315. OCLC 3167293.
• McCauley, Michael P. NPR: The Trials and Triumphs of National Public Radio (Columbia University Printing, 2005). ISBN 9780231121606. OCLC 937175101.
• Magee, Sara. "All Things Considered: A Content Analysis of National Public Radio's Flagship News Magazine from 1999–2009". Periodical of Radio & Audio Media (2013) twenty#2 pp. 236–250.

External links [edit]

• Official website
• Elizabeth 50. Young papers at the University of Maryland Libraries
• 50 Years of NPR (report serial)

altcamortautley53.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPR

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